Revenge and Reconciliation in the Tempest - 763 Words

â€Å"The Tempest is more concerned with reconciliation than with revenge.† Evaluate this view of The Tempest by exploring the action and effects of the play. Revenge tragedy was a highly popular genre during the Jacobean era, so understandably Shakespeare would have been heavily influenced by this; one of these examples being Hamlet. Revenge tragedies carried the evident message that those who dabble in revenge will end up being hurt themselves. This is seen in the final scene of Hamlet where the stage is predominantly crowded with corpses. From looking at the opening scenes of The Tempest it may seem that this play, similar to the rest would follow this genre, however it reveals to have a much more harmonious message to it. Although†¦show more content†¦Their great guilt,/ Like poison given to work a great time after† It is clear that the remorse and heavy guilt they feel is what causes them to suffer so greatly. Prospero overlooking this states that â€Å"these mine enemies are all knit up/ In their distractions. They are now in my power†. This cements the idea that Prospero is out to take revenge on those who did him wrong, as he is pleased to see their suffering. However, Ariel soon tells Prospero that The good old lord,Show MoreRelated The Genre of The Tempest Essay952 Words   |  4 Pages The Genre of The Tempest The Tempest is customarily identified as the William Shakespeares last piece. These marginal issues aside, The Tempest is the forth, final and finest of Shakespeares great and/or late romances. Along with Pericles, Cymbeline and The Winters Tale, The Tempest belongs t the genre of Elizabethan romance plays. It combines elements of Tragedy (Prosperos revenge/Loss of a royal son) with those of romantic comedy (the young lover Ferdinand andRead MoreShakespeares Use of Language, Imagery and Setting to Illuminate Prosperos Journey from Revenge to Reconciliation1174 Words   |  5 PagesShakespeares Use of Language, Imagery and Setting to Illuminate Prosperos Journey from Revenge to Reconciliation The Tempest opens on a ship at sea caught in a tempestuous storm. This setting would immediately suggest to the Elizabethan audience, the presence of danger and evil, as they would be familiar with other Shakespearian plays where storms have been used in this way, for example, Macbeth and King Lear. The desperate language of the characters in the openingRead MoreAnalysis Of Richard Linklater s The Tempest 896 Words   |  4 Pagess life. The play The Tempest written by William Shakespeare encompasses many personal discoveries, which lead to consideration of the authority the characters rightfully possess and the importance of forgiveness and reconciliation in their lives. Similarly the modern film Boyhood directed by Richard Linklater, also explores these ideas, however, they are depicted in relation to growing from childhood to adulthood and developing an individual ethical compass. In The Tempest, Shakespeare uses UsurpationRead MoreAnalysis Of Shakespeare s The Tempest 1001 Words   |  5 PagesAndrometa Buja Professor: Stephen Spencer English 220 Date: December 1, 2015 Forgiveness in The Tempest Many critics believe that The Tempest is a comedy about reconciliation, forgiveness and penitence. The play starts with a tremendous storm where Prospero takes revenge from his enemies and ends by forgiving them. One of his enemies was his brother, who betrayed him. For many years Prospero lives with his daughter in an isolated island where everybody believed that he was dead; even though by theRead More Exploring the Themes of Forgiveness and Reconciliation in The Tempest by William Shakespeare1419 Words   |  6 PagesExploring the Themes of Forgiveness and Reconciliation in The Tempest by William Shakespeare Prospero is a character that seems to stand at the very centre of The Tempest. Throughout the play, he prompts most of the action, and he has the last word. The entire plot of the play is a scheme designed by Prospero to bring his rivals to a state of regret so that he can pardon them and restore the rightful order of things to his dukedom of Milan. As Prospero is seen as being all-powerful over theRead MoreThe Tempest Critical Analysis1133 Words   |  5 PagesThe process of discovery is largely impacted by a shift in personal and cultural perspectives, enhancing an individual’s understanding of themselves and others in their world. Shakespeare’s 17th century tragicomedy ‘The Tempest’, explores how the disruption of the traditional order of society and the transformative power of forgiveness both facilitate personal discovery. Similarly, Peter Weir’s 1989 film ‘Dead Poets Society’ portrays how questioning one’s personal and cultural context allows an individualRead More Vengeance and Forgiveness in Shakespeares The Tempest Essay1052 Words   |  5 PagesVengeance and Forgiveness in Shakespeares The Tempest There are many elements in Shakespeares play, The Tempest, which one cannot reconcile with the real world. The main theme in The Tempest is illusion, and the main focus is the experiment by Prospero. The Tempest, it is clear, features an experiment by Prospero. He has not brought the Europeans to the vicinity of the island, but when they do come close to it, he has, through the power of illusion, lured them into his very special realmRead MoreThe Abuse of Power in Shakespeares Play, The Tempest Essay example976 Words   |  4 PagesThe play, The Tempest, by William Shakespeare is a very cleverly thought out piece of work. Shakespeare very deliberately inter-relates several different forms of power during the course of the play. There is political power, shown through the plethora of political characters and their schemes, while at the same time parodied by the comic characters. The power of magic and love, and its ability to reunite and absolve also plays a major role in the play. Throughout the play, Prospero, the main characterRead MoreExplore Shakespeare’s Presentation of the Themes of Forgiveness and Reconciliation in â€Å"the Tempest†.2475 Words   |  10 PagesIt can be argued that William Shakespeare’s â€Å"The Tempest† is a play about forgiveness and reconciliation. The title, The Tempest is both literal and metaphorical. Shakespeare begins the play with a fierce storm which wrecks the courtier’s ship. I think this storm symbolises â€Å"the tempest of life† (i.e. the struggle of life) around which the play is based. Throughout the play, the aristocratic party is torn by conspiracy and betrayal between many different characters. In their attempts to gain powerRead MoreProspero Constructs the Tempest Hierarchy and Returns Affairs to a Natural State1731 Words   |  7 PagesThe Tempest raises many questions regarding the formation of authority and power. Is hierarchy understood as natural or as constructed? Also, what are the consequences when authority is usurped? This paper will attempt to answer these questions in a succinct manner using textual references to solidify its arguments. As the play pr ogresses, Prospero constructs the hierarchy in such a way as to return things to their natural state. Any type of usurpation, whether attempted or successful, will

Graffiti And Other Artistic Writings - 1362 Words

Many historians agree that graffiti and other artistic writings show â€Å"life in motion.† Tracing the history of these movements in both Latin America and the United States, one notes that artists have fomented revolution by altering aesthetic practices and transforming social contexts. One compares graffiti, defined as â€Å"unauthorized writing or drawing on a public surface,† to other art forms, such as sketchbook work, prints, murals, and portable frescoes because both illustrate ideas through writing. Artists have written on the walls of buildings, trains, and many other locations to advertise their nametags and spread their views of race, politics, religion, gender, and economics among the greater public. Since the nineteenth century,†¦show more content†¦In his murals, Rivera exposed audiences in Mexico and in the United States to indigenous Mexican life that conquistadores and dictators such as Dà ­az kept hidden from view. Building on Cuban and Mexi can racial counter-hegemony, modern Latino and African-American writers sought to defy racist law enforcement policies with graffiti. By the mid twentieth-century in Los Angeles, Philadelphia, and New York, graffiti writers of color channeled Cuban and Mexican anti-racism to defy white police control. In 1960s Los Angeles, artists commissioned by â€Å"el movimiento† sought to unite people of color against police brutality through murals underlined with spray-painted labels such as 1973’s Black and White Moratorium Wall. As racial tensions simmered in the 1960s and 1970s, police discriminated against youth of color. Philadelphian Darryl â€Å"Cornbread† McCray, largely considered as the first modern graffiti writer, tagged numerous police cars upon release from juvenile detention. One should note the symbolism visible in his signature; McRae spray-painted â€Å"Cornbread,† a popular soul food item, to assert his blackness over police control. In 1970s New York, writers of color spray-painted trains with bold letters and tags toShow MoreRelatedGraffiti As A Sustainable And Decent Art Form 1397 Words   |  6 Pagessocieties, there are ongoing debates among multiple stakeholders regarding the nature and acceptability of graffiti as a sustainable and decent art form. Having gained immense popularity in urban environments, graffiti has always been on the verge between art and vandalism. The reason for such controversial perceptions lies in the definition of graffiti and its origins. As Campos defines it, â€Å"graffiti and street art could be considered a practice through which individuals appropriate the city† and whoseRead MoreEssay Graffiti: Art or Vandalism?1139 Words   |  5 Pagesstatus of graffiti--art or vandalism? Because it has found its way into art galleries and because of the community of artists who challenge and inspire each other, graffiti should be considered art and as a way to express oneself. The origin and history of graffiti is not what one might expect. Believed to have been created by a Philadelphia high school student named Cornbread in 1967, it was a bold effort to catch the attention of a girl (De Melker). In this same time period, graffiti sprung upRead MoreEssay on Graffiti - The Public Art Movement800 Words   |  4 PagesGRAFFITI - The Public Art Movement The widespread dissemination of colorful graffiti paintings on the walls of our major cities has made it impossible to ignore this form of public art. As contact with this form of expression increases, one starts to recognize styles, recurrent themes, patterns and stylistic influences. To the masses graffiti seems to represent vandalism, an ugly and threatening attempt to undermined social value and prestige. For graffiti writers, graffiti is a secret expressionRead MoreGraffiti And Its Effects On The World War I1504 Words   |  7 PagesComm 1016 Essay We see graffiti everywhere even though it is illegal. Its on trains, buses, buildings you name it there has most likely been graffiti on it. Let’s start with what the definition of graffiti is, â€Å"writing or drawings scribbled, scratched, or sprayed illicitly on a wall or other surface in a public place† (Bing.com). Graffiti can be traced back as far as world war 2 the most famous tag of that time being, â€Å"Kilroy was here† along with an illustration the artist or ‘writer’ they areRead MoreHistory Of Subway Graffiti Art Essay1265 Words   |  6 Pageshistory of the underground art movement known by many names, most commonly graffiti begins in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania during the mid to late 60s, and started with bombing. The writers who are credited with the first effort are CORNBREAD and COOL EARL. They wrote their names all over the city gaining attention from the community and the local press. Then the movement made way to New York City where the teenagers would write graffiti on the subways. It is unclear whether this concept made way to New YorkRead MoreGraffiti War1157 Words   |  5 PagesWhat do the â€Å"graffiti wars† say about social relations of inequality and power in cities? Unequal power relations seemingly drive the war against graffiti. Arguably, this war targets marginalized individuals in poor communities, more specifically; it targets poor Black and Latino youth. Chronopolous (2011) argues that graffiti is seen as a threat to social disorder and suggests that communities festered with graffiti are â€Å"out of control† (Chronopoulous 2011, pg. 77-78). This is as a result ofRead MoreWriting Illegal Graffiti On The Streets For A Property Owner858 Words   |  4 Pagesthat is made with permission of a property owner. Artists generally have to gain experience writing illegal graffiti on the streets for a considerable amount of time to be considered for legal, and sometimes commissioned, graffiti. Some artists believe that graffiti is illegal by definition, and are not interested by painting in legal areas or having their work sanctioned by society. Mop A graffiti marker used to draw large tags. Mops have a rounded nib, and leave a fat drippy line. Mops canRead MoreEssay on Graffiti as an Artform1181 Words   |  5 PagesGraffiti as an Artform The value of any message or work of art, whether it is hanging on the wall of a gallery or a subway, lies on the intensity of the artist’s or vandal’s beliefs. Graffiti is an uncertain issue in respect to its virtue. While the voice of the individual must never be lost in a society of shouts growing larger and louder every second; graffiti is such a public medium that its integrity must be of great concern. Graffiti is a vast wasteland of indefinite opinionsRead MoreHistory of Graffiti1340 Words   |  6 PagesThe History of Graffiti Graffiti is a form of art involving writing or drawings scribbled, scratched, or sprayed illicitly on a wall in public places. Graffiti has also existed back in the Roman Empire and Ancient Greek. During the time of the Catacombs of Rome, graffiti was known as inscriptions, figure drawing that were found on the walls of ancient sepulchers or ruins. The earliest forms of graffiti dated back to 30,000 BCE in the form of prehistoric cave paintings and pictographs using toolsRead MoreChallenging Modest Culture : Society s Tolerance Of Public Art1399 Words   |  6 Pageslate 1960s (MacDonald 1). At that time graffiti to most, was considered to be a form of art work. Regardless of those that thought of it as art, there were and are still numerous individuals that loathe the graffiti movement. Works of art have been dependably charming for ages, as it is a method for self-expression and inventiveness. Artistic expressions have advanced in many ways, such as public canvases offering an app roach to modern day unique artwork. Graffiti is progressively turning into a hobby

Capitalist Hegemony Free Essays

Capitalist Hegemony at its Finest Alex Jackson Sarah Ciurysek Capitalist Hegemony at its Finest. By Alex Jackson Throughout time different societies have seen their respective take on pop culture. Pop culture is not simply a culture that has suddenly sprung from the ground in the last 20 years and wormed its way into text books, periodicals and university debates; it is a culture built around a defined group of ideas, perspectives and attitudes. We will write a custom essay sample on Capitalist Hegemony or any similar topic only for you Order Now Pop culture in its evolutionary path has seen many changes from Roman sculpture to Baroque paintings to post-war Abstract expressionism, all amounting to what we know today to be our pop culture. However, the pop culture that we experience on a day-to-day basis in the 21st century is one unparalleled by the pop culture already seen and past. Today we are surrounded by the ever-expanding mass media. Since the invention of the Internet in the 1980’s, mass media has spread like wildfire and with it the furthering evolution of the 21st century’s pop culture. With the growth of mass media in our pop culture we see new trends and patterns. As we all know, North America was built on a firm foundation of capitalism. This capitalism is the foundation not only for businesses and corporations, but for our developing culture as well. A growing notion and potential fear amidst this evolving foundation is the existence of capitalist hegemony. For one to understand this term one must know the definition of the two words individually. Mirriam Webster’s dictionary defines capitalism as ‘an economic system characterized by private or corporate ownership of capital goods, by investments that are determined by private decision, prices, production and the distribution of goods†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Hegemony, defined also by Webster’s dictionary is ‘the social, cultural, ideological, or economic influence exerted by a dominant group. In combination, the two represent a power exerting itself over a group in attempts to feed and control consumerism. Capitalist hegemony can be seen on the television, in advertisements, film and video games. The method by which capitalist hegemony is spread, that we will consider in this essay, is the video game. Video games contribute to the spread of capitalist hegemony in two ways: through the easily-accepted method of suggestion of consumerist narratives; and through the extremist method of exerting complacency on a populous. From an early age, all of us have been bombarded with a consumer culture. We have been taught by mass media always to want, look for and buy the next big thing. Video games have taken up this torch in that easily-accepted, subtle way. There’s no need to tell a person to buy, the task is more indirect. Gamers play through a story, the narrative more often than not being all about consumerism of one form or another. As masked as the consumerist plot may be, it is more than likely there. Take for example a game such as Dead Space 2. This game involves the main character Isaac Clarke fighting his way through the Sprawl in attempts to destroy a giant relic called the Marker, which is responsible for an alien infestation. At first glance, the story line of Dead Space 2 gives no evidence of capitalist tendencies; however the player need only kill one of the creatures in the game and pick up the loot to enter currency into the game. Money and power nodes allow the player to upgrade Isaac’s abilities and buy weapons and suits, and additional ammo and med packs. The gamer thereby is subliminally being taught the values of capitalism, make money buy new things. In other approaches to video games the developers don’t go to such length to mask consumerism. In games such as Need for Speed Underground the player races for money so as to purchase upgrades for already purchased cars, and to buy new ones. In Digital Games and Cultural Studies by Garry Crawford and Jason Rutter, this point is explained: â€Å"Numerous games are based upon the principle of capital accumulation where the central aim and theme is to make more money to improve character’s avatar’s skills or possessions. (Crawford and Rutter) One might argue for sports-related games such as Madden NFL 12, or NHL 11 where the object of the game appears to be purely sport. Win a game, move to the next round is the essential plot; however, these video games have been sponsored by larger companies looking to get their name out to more consumers. Although the advertisemen ts are small and only seen on the back boards of the field or ice rink where the game is staged, the information does go in. According to studies, advertisements need to be put in front of the viewer for an extended amount of time before he viewer picks up on it. What better place than a video game to expose a viewer to a continuous stream of advertisements. To add to the two previous methods of consumerism being pushed through video games, there remains a third methodology. Typically, a well received video game will be made into a series. The game that supersedes the one before it always promises to be bigger and better; better graphics, better sound, etc. This leaves the player wanting more and lusting for the next big chapter. Many large game development companies such as EA games with Battlefield, and UBISOFT with Halo follow this trend and have met been with great success. Crawford and Rutter, in reference to the Birmingham School can be quoted as saying that, â€Å"the shared values and culture of a society are those based largely on dominant (that is, ruling class) values and ideologies. † (Crawford and Rutter) If our dominant culture is founded on capitalism, then the governing values and ideologies have to be exerted via subcultures such as pop culture and the ways in which its groups communicate. We have looked at the spread of consumerism via video games. This concept is easy to swallow because we see evidence of it everywhere we look. However, the second theory of how pop culture contributes to capitalist hegemony isn’t so easy to digest. As technology continues to advance and things such as social networking and portable communications grow, we begin to see a decrease in the need to go outside and meet people. The same goes for video games. With the introduction to video games in the 1970’s we have seen the creation of a new kind of computer geek, the gamer. Gamers can spend extended amounts of time inside, staring at a screen. With the advancement of video game graphics, intriguing storylines and strategic challenges, it’s no wonder gamers would rather play video games than interact, play sports or become useful members of society. A sudden lack of community has sprung up in the midst of our new found technological enlightenment. Digital gaming could be seen (and has been seen by many) as a clear illustration of the individualization of society†. (Crawford and Rutter) People no longer need to come outside to communicate, to do activity or exercise. â€Å"The rate at which these games are flying off the shelves would suggest more football is being played on home computers than on local fields†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (O’Connor, 2002). The uprising of this new phenomenon is evidence of a growing complace ncy in our society. People needing to do less and less. Looking at this from the viewpoint of a large capitalist corporation, it means profit; maintaining ‘the existing status quo [to] promote dominant capitalist values,’ (Crawford and Rutter) keep people inside, in front of a screen absorbing information that fuels their desire to buy. Stuart Hall suggests that â€Å"cultural products (such as television programmers, popular music and digital games) may be ‘encoded’ with dominant values, ideas and beliefs. † (Hall, 1980) Albeit a little extreme, Hall is supported in an indirect way. John Hopson, a games researcher at Microsoft Games Studios holds a doctorate in behavioral and brain sciences. Based on one of Hopson’s studies, a gamer can in essence be persuaded to produce a set of behaviors the developers want, â€Å"each contingency is an arrangement of time, activity, and reward, and there are an infinite number of ways these elements can be combined to produce the pattern of activity you want from players. † (Hopson) Simply put, large corporations intend to subliminally brain wash us with messages of use to capitalist pursuits. These ideas are conceptual, large and potentially a bit fanciful, but the evidence supporting them is happening before our eyes. People keep on buying based on information consumed through media portals including game consoles. The emergence of gamers and the diminishing need to go outside is a constant reminder that, although seemingly unrealistic, someone is using the right approach to acquire profit. Video games, among other methods, contribute to some form of capitalist hegemony whether intended or not. It would be frightening to know that a corporation would approach the market with such fervor as to send subliminal messaging through a game console. It’s surprising the very real effect of advertisement has on the consumer. -â€Å"Merriam-Webster. † http://www. erriam-webster. com/. N. p. , 2011. Web. 14 Apr 2011. -Crawford, Garry, and Jason Rutter. â€Å"Digital Games and Cultural Studies. † Sage Publications. (2006) -O’Connor, A. (2002) â€Å"Evan better than the real thing? †, The Times, The Game Supplement, 9 December. Pp 2-3. -Hall, S. (1980) â€Å"Encoding/ decodin g†, in S. Hall, D. Hobson, A Lowe and P. Willis (eds) Culture, Median, Language: Working Papers in Cultural Studies. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. Pp 215-43 -Hopson, John. â€Å"Behavioral Game Design. † Gamasutra (2001): n. pag. Web. 14 Apr 2011. http://www. gamasutra. com/view/feature/3085/behavioral_game_design. php. How to cite Capitalist Hegemony, Essay examples

Essay on The Importance of a Music Education Essay Example For Students

Essay on The Importance of a Music Education Essay Plato, a famous Greek philosopher, once stated, â€Å"I would teach children music, physics, and philosophy; but most importantly music, for the patterns in music and all the arts are the keys to learning.† Often times, humans can be seen possessing the inner desire to achieve greatness through hard work and dedication to an ideal. Some aspire to accomplish simple everyday goals, such as getting up in time for work. Whatever the case may be, teens often try to find ways to achieve social and academic â€Å"checkpoints† so that their future seems heartier. Over the years, studies have been conducted regarding whether or not music has an influence on these achievements. These experiments have shown that music does help with many aspects of accomplishment. Because of these studies, it is imperative that society and the human race itself understand that a music education has an impact on social and academic achievement. Firstly, studies have shown that standardized test scores are higher than the average test taken, as well as higher ACT and SAT test score. A study was conducted concerning students who took the Scholastic Aptitude Test, otherwise known as the SAT. The study showed that students with a background in music scored 59 points higher in the verbal portion and 44 points higher in the Mathematics portion of the same test (Martin). Other studies were conducted to show a correlation between music education and the American College Testing, as well as numerous other tests. Researchers discovered that students who participated in a formal music class of some kind attained higher academic scores than those students who did not participate in music (Hodges), as well as high scores in English, reading, and science portions of the ACT (Johnso. .rograms, academic achievement†. KU News. Kansas: Kansas University, 2007. Web. 21 May 2013.Martin, Roy P. â€Å"Does Music Education Enhance the Developing Brain and Academic Achievement†. College of Education at the University of Georgia. 17 November 2011. Web. 22 May 2013.Nathan, Linda. â€Å"All students are artists†. Educational Leadership, Vol. 69 Issue 5, 2012. Academic Search Premier. EBSCOhost. Web. 21 May 2013.Southgate, Darby E. and Vincent J. Roscigno. â€Å"The Impact of Music on Childhood and Adolescent Achievement†. Social Science Quarterly, Vol. 90, March 2009. Ohio State University. Web. 22 May 2013. Standley, Jayne M. â€Å"Does Music Instruction Help Children Learn to Read? Evidence of a Meta Analysis†. Applications of Research in Music Education, Vol. 27 Issue 1, p17-32. 2008. EBSCOhost. MAGNOLIA. Web. 21 May 2013.Young, Craig. Personal Interview. 7 August 2013.

Hermit Crabs Essay Example

Hermit Crabs Essay Shells and shell competition Underwater photo of a hermit crab and gastropod shell Hermit crabs fighting over a shell As hermit crabs grow they require larger shells. Since suitable intact gastropod shells are sometimes a limited resource, there is often vigorous competition among hermit crabs for shells. The availability of empty shells at any given place depends on the relative abundance of gastropods and hermit crabs, matched for size. An equally important issue is the population of organisms that prey upon gastropods and leave the shells intact. 7] Hermit crabs that are kept together may fight or kill a competitor to gain access to the shell they favor. However, if the crabs vary significantly in size, the occurrence of fights over empty shells will decrease or remain non-existent. [6] A hermit crab with a shell that is too small cannot grow as fast as those with well-fitting shells, and is more likely to be eaten if it cannot retract completely into the shell. [8] For some large r marine species, supporting one or more sea anemones on the shell can scare away predators. The sea anemone benefits because it is in position to consume fragments of the hermit crabs meals. [edit] Development and reproduction Hermit crab species range in size, shape, from species with a carapace only a few millimetres long to Coenobita brevimanus which can approach the size of a coconut. The shell-less hermit crab Birgus latro is the worlds largest terrestrial invertebrate. [9] The young develop in stages, with the first two (the nauplius and protozoea) occurring inside the egg. Most hermit crab larvae hatch at the third stage, the zoea. This is a larval stage wherein the crab has several long spines, a long narrow abdomen, and large fringed antennae. After several zoeal moults, this is followed by the final larval stage, the megalopa stage. [10] [edit] Classification Hermit crabs are more closely related to squat lobsters and porcelain crabs than they are to true crabs. The king crabs in the family Lithodidae were formerly considered to be derived hermit crabs, but are now placed in a separate superfamily. 11] Six families are recognised in the superfamily Paguroidea,[12] containing around 1100 species in total in 120 genera. [13] * Coenobitidae Dana, 1851 – 2 genera: terrestrial hermit crabs and the coconut crab * Diogenidae Ortmann, 1892 – 20 genera of left-handed hermit crabs * Paguridae Latreille, 1802 – 76 genera * Parapaguridae Smith, 1882 – 10 genera * Pylochelidae Bate, 1888 – 10 genera of symmetrical hermit crabs * Pylojacquesidae McLaughlin Lemaitre, 2001 – 2 genera edit] Fossil record The fossil record of in situ hermit crabs using gastropod shells stretches back to the Late Cretaceous. Before that time, at least some hermit crabs used ammonites shells instead, as shown by a specimen of Palaeopagurus vandenengeli from the Speeton Clay, Yorkshire, UK from the Lower Cretaceous. [14] [edit] As pets Photo of four hermit crabs. Four hermit crabs in an aquarium Several marine species of hermit crabs are common in the marine aquarium trade. We will write a custom essay sample on Hermit Crabs specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Hermit Crabs specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Hermit Crabs specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Of the approximately 15 terrestrial species in the world, the following are commonly kept as pets: Caribbean hermit crab (Coenobita clypeatus), Australian land hermit crab (Coenobita variabilis), and the Ecuadorian hermit crab (Coenobita compressus). Other species such as Coenobita brevimanus, Coenobita rugosus, Coenobita perlatus or Coenobita cavipes are less common but growing in availability and popularity as pets. These omnivorous or herbivorous species can be useful in the household aquarium as scavengers, because they eat algae and debris. Hermit crabs were once seen as a throwaway pet that would live only a few months, but species such as Coenobita clypeatus have a 23 year lifespan if properly treated,[15] and some have lived longer than 32 years. [16][17] In general, and despite their moniker, hermit crabs are social animals that do best in groups. [18] In the wild they can be found in colonies of a hundred or more. Therefore, many sellers encourage the purchase of more than one crab. [19] They also require a temperature and humidity-controlled environment, and adequate substrate that is deep enough to allow them to completely bury themselves while moulting.

Foreign Language Importance In Elementary School

Foreign Language Importance In Elementary School Free Online Research Papers The ultimate goal in many classrooms is to be communicate in meaningful and appropriate ways. In United States, American students get the opportunity to learn a second language in high school, yet it has been proven that children learn better when they are young. Some schools are taking this opportunity to teach a foreign language to elementary students. The United States may be the only nation where it’s possible to complete elementary and secondary schooling without completing any foreign languages. In some countries, such as Europe, Africa and Asia, teachers within public elementary schools are required to teach two or three different languages, usually English and French, to their students. Many schools within European and Asian countries teach two languages to their students before they enter high school. In America, students are introduced to a foreign language in high school where it is difficult for them to master a second language. I believe, that elementary schools should include foreign languages in their curriculum as well, in order to allow younger students to get familiarize with foreign languages at early age, because its proven that young kids have more tendency to learn and recognize languages then older kids. And it has so many and advantages throughout the world. As we all know, that the youngest brains have the greatest aptitude for absorbing language and that someone who is bilingual at all young age will have an easier time learning a third or fourth language later on. Compared with adults or even high school students, young children are better be able to learn foreign languages with near-native pronunciation or mimic the subtle tones of Mandarin. Children should start learning a foreign language in kindergarten and continue through high school. Learning languages helps increase listening ability, memory, creativity and critical thinking- all of which are thinking processes that increase learning in general. In addition to developing thinking skills, foreign language study exposes children to other ways of looking at the world. For some people, who consider foreign language study in elementary school a frill, I think that foreign language education supports the core curriculum. Foreign language instruction uses themes that support the ele mentary curriculum including math, science, social studies and language arts. Correlation studies show students who have had several years of foreign language do better on SATs, particularly the verbal part. Becoming fluent in foreign language takes years, although children tend to absorb foreign languages more easily than older students and adults. The importance of an uninterrupted sequence of foreign language study in grades K-12 to gain the level of proficiency needed to communicate with people around the world in other languages. Starting early can translate into an advantage in the work force, too. The work force has an increased demand for people who can speak foreign languages at a sophisticated level. This is not limited to the corporate world. Employers are looking for mechanics, social workers and medical professionals, too. Parents are also becoming more aware of the value of early language to the cognitive learning of the child. But, most of the legislators are still in the mindset of twenty five years ago, not recognizing what neurologist have lave learned about what learning language does for the brain. If their child’s elementary school does not offer an early foreign language program, I think that parents learn about programs in the elementary grades used by other school system. I believe that, school administrators have to think out of the box and look at foreign language study as a regular part of the curriculum. Effective language instruction needs to involve more than colors, numbers an d shapes. The advantages of learning a foreign language in today’s world are a lot, studying a foreign language is very helpful because of the diversity that we have in our country. You could run into a person of another culture that speaks another language almost anywhere and it will help if you can communicate with them easily. As we know that, some countries like Canada and some countries in Africa have French as a primary language, it would be nice to get to know these foreign languages to be comfortable in our neighboring countries. It also helps a person at a job level that understands multiple languages as these can be used as skills towards ones work requirements. There is an another advantage of knowing a foreign language, because if a person is planning on further education in college, it is a requirement to at least two foreign language credits to get accepted. Foreign languages also helps a person in his or her job careers. Because if a company ask the employee to fly across seas for international trades or company partners, a foreign language will really helps in communicating with other people. All these are some important aspects to incorporate foreign languages in elementary school curriculum. Because it helps a young student to grow up in today’s global village. We all know that what would happen if nations spoke only their national language. International communication would not be possible. It is quite hard to imagine such a world. Therefore it is necessary to study a foreign languages to communicate in with the world. And I believe that when is as young as five years old, he/she has more learning and recognizing ability then a high school student. Research Papers on Foreign Language Importance In Elementary SchoolStandardized TestingQuebec and CanadaAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeHip-Hop is ArtPersonal Experience with Teen Pregnancy19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoTwilight of the UAWEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenDefinition of Export Quotas

Machinery Planning Exercise Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Machinery Planning Exercise - Essay Example It is because of this that, in the planning, imperative decisions should be made to provide the owner with the lowest possible start up cost and offer him the real value for his money. Selection of Machinery Owing to the nature of farming activities that will take place at the farm, a number of different machinery will be necessary. As a professional in the agricultural field, I would recommend the following for the farm or land owner. The soil in the farm is loamy hence soft. Because of this, the purchase of a sub-soiler and the plough will put into consideration the purchase of a machine with higher speed value. The farm is an extensive farm where manual labour cannot be exclusively employed. For this reason, the machinery becomes necessary in the provision of service as a form of mechanization certain machinery will be needed for planting, soil cultivation, harvesting, sorting, irrigating and fertilizing among other farm activities. For instance, chaser bins will be required to tr ansport the produce to the trucks that are headed for the road for them to be transported to the silos. Tractors, which are composed of the caterpillar tractor, the common farm tractor (four wheel drive) and the two wheel tractor as well as the farm truck will be required. They will be mostly applied during cultivation of the soil. Other necessary machines include the cultivator, chisel plough, sub-soiler and the mulch tiller. ... The other necessary equipment for harvesting will be the bean harvester. However, for purposes of harvesting soya bean and the winter oil seed rape it will need to be adjusted while a distinct header will be required while harvesting the sunflower. In order to save on the operation cost and increase production costs in the future, the soil cultivation tools should be modern, spraying machines should save materials, fertilizer spreading machines should be easy to regulate, and the power machines should be of small volume. Additionally, the appropriate farm implements will be matched with the right tractor to minimize on time and labour requirements. Finally, machines that are related to the centre pivot method of irrigation will be of essence (Kulkami & Sharma 2004, p. 270). It is because of such factors that the machinery to be purchased will be required in specific sizes and types as follows; the tractor should be a 200 horsepower machine, A John Deere 8111 farm tractor that effecti vely combines with a plough. Additionally, the Lexion combine harvesters will be appropriately model 770TT and 780 due to their ability to harvest numerous tonnes of grain within a short time For the three tractors and the farm truck, the purchase of entirely new machinery will be justifiable and appropriate as a result of issues related to their efficiency and ability to serve for a longer period. In addition, it will decrease the chances of shouldering repair costs due to the availability of warranty. As such, significant profit would have been made from the produce before parts of the machine begin to wear out and hence increase its cost of maintenance. With regards to the fuel and

Shakespeare and Film Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Shakespeare and Film - Essay Example Kurosawan depiction of Shakespearean heroes follows the same intense pattern with rich historical background, and similar to Shakespeare’s approach the Japanese director used his work to comment on the history of Japan. The movie that is under discussion is titled â€Å"Throne of blood† that is a transposition of a Shakespeare’s most renowned tragedy â€Å"Macbeth†. Both stories are not only intense political dramas but also gives great deal of insight into the psyche of a psychotic killer. (Goodwin, 1994) Akira Kurosawa has translated all aspects and themes of Macbeth into Japanese culture by setting the story against the backdrop of one of the most turbulent times in Japan that is often referred to as the â€Å"Sengoku Jidai† which means â€Å"The age of the country at war†. The events have been believed to have transpired during the Muromachi period, a time when the violation of the samurai code was rampant and a serious moral misconduct i n the Japanese society. Analogously, the backdrop of the machinations of a brave yet, misguided Scottish general named Macbeth, who is represented by Samurai Washizu in the film as he plots to gain control over the throne of the Spider web forest reigned by Lord Tsuzuki. (Galloway, 2005; Rowe, 2011; Yoshimoto, 2000) Kurosawa has incorporated elements of Noh Theater, which is the traditional Japanese theatrical presentation in the film. The movie also delves deep in to spiritual aspect of the movie in order to make it more relatable to the Japanese audiences and show the multitude of interpretations that can be drawn from Shakespearean text. The movie starts off by showing the facade of the Spider web castle, which highlights the primary theme of the story that is â€Å"lust and pursuit of power†. The supernatural elements are introduced into the first scene of the movie and unlike Macbeth the three witches are represented by an old ghost woman, spinning fabric with a wheel as Samurai Washizu and his companion Samurai Miki; who corresponds to the character of Banquo, are making their journey back to the castle through the forest. (Kunio, 2005) Kurosawa has used mist and fog as key elements of the opening shots in order to show the ambiguity and doubt that will haunt all the main characters in the movie. The misty visualization can also be taken to represent that superficial pursuit for greater wealth, power and position can cloud one’s judgment and often lead to an unsettled conscience constantly lambasting the individual. Another observation that further supports the postulation regarding the theme that Kurosawa wanted to incorporate in his movie was the use of â€Å"Spinning wheel† by the spirit that is a vague reference to the notion of karma and the belief of â€Å"what goes around comes around†. The movie’s production had commenced during a time when Japan was overcoming one of the greatest disaster that it has endured du ring the Second World War as a result of the nuclear bombing on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. It was the same carnage and violence that was then recreated in the movie with the use of intense shots of bloodshed and brutality that shows the ravages of war. Kurosawa has not only attempted to entail the bloody themes of Macbeth but also the painful tragedy that affected the entire Japanese society immensely. Furthermore, besides the generic message that the director has encompassed in the movie, the entry of Lady

Methodology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Methodology - Essay Example The purpose of this study is to understand the position of small and medium enterprises in Indian Textile Industry. Also, to get more information about the status of Indian Textile Industries and role of government in its current position. During the 19th century, there were many paradigms have taken birth, the reason behind that was the increasing trend in social sciences research. Positivism paadigms and anti-positivism paradigms are the two main paradigms used for verification of theoretical propositions. Accourding to Saunder (2007), paradigms is the research philosophy that utilizes the idea of both the positivist and the phenomenologist. It pertain a practical approach, incorporate different perception to facilitate in data collection dn interpretation. For this research study non positivisim paradigms has been selected. The research philosophy is intended with the investigation of interpretive epistemology as the topic will depend on conducting research among people thoughts, opinions and experiences which will be shown through the questionnaires’ responses and the interviews’ answers. The Inductive approach will be used in this research which is part of the Subjectivism research approach as the investigations will depend on building theory through small sample of people perceptions regarding the situation that will be discussed to understand the reality of the study and to get their feelings about what is going on in order to identify better the nature of the problem and analysing those data. The results will give some solutions for the study along with evidences that will provide a clear picture for the target people to accomplish their goals. The primary data is to be collected by conducting field research that involves face to face interviews, surveys, questionnaires and focused group interviews. Primary research involves the usage

Dipole Moment of 5- Fluorouracil Molecule

Dipole Moment of 5- Fluorouracil Molecule Computational Term Paper: Theoretical studies on 5- fluorouracil to calculate its dipole moment, and how the values compare with other pyrimidine analog (namely uracil and thymine) and that of literature. Name: Farzana Nushin Rezvi Abstract: In this experiment, the dipole moment of 5- Fluorouracil molecule was determined using the Gaussian software, and compared with literature values. The dipole moments of other pyrimidine analogs, namely Thymine and Uracil, were also calculated and compared with literature values. The experiment gave insight to typical dipole moment values of uracil derivatives, and how the dipole moment of aromatic molecules can be influenced in the presence of –F, or -CH3 substituent. Introduction: The purpose of this experiment is to calculate the dipole moment of the anticancer drug, 5- Fluorouracil, and compare the numerical value with that of two other pyrimidines, Thymine and Uracil. Fig 1: Molecular structure of 5- Fluoro uracil (drawn by ChemBioDraw). 5- Fluorouracil is apyrimidine analog (nucleoside analogs that mimic the molecular structure of pyrimidines) of uracil molecule that functions as an anti-cancer drug; it is used in the treatment of several types of cancer, including that of rectum, colon, head and neck cancer.10 5- Fluorouracil belongs to the family of drugs called theantimetabolites. Antimetabolite drugs function by impeding vital biosynthetic processes or by being assimilated into macromolecules, and inhibiting their normal functioning. The fluoro pyrimidine drug, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) does both.9Cancer cells often use more uracil than normal cells, which indicates that uracil metabolism is a potential target for antimetabolite chemotherapy.9 â€Å"The mechanism of cytotoxicity of 5-FU has been ascribed to the misincorporation of fluoronucleotides into RNA and DNA and to the inhibition of the nucleotide synthetic enzyme thymidylate synthase.†9 Thymidylate synthase is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion o f deoxyuridine monophosphate (dUMP) to deoxythymidine monophosphate (dTMP). dTMP is one of the three nucleotides (dTMP, dTTP, and dTDP) that eventually produce a thymine molecule. With inhibition of Thymidylate synthase, an imbalance of nucleotides results and increased levels of dUTP arise. Both of these factors cause DNA damage, therefore ultimately inhibiting cell replication. 5 FU is also seldom found in skin creams used for other conditions. However, it should be used in moderate/regulated amounts since the side effects of unregulated exposure can be severe.10 5-Fluorouracil is a derivative of Uracil. Another structural analog of Uracil is Thymine. As can be seen from the figure below, the molecules only differ in what substituent each has on C-5. Fig 2: Molecular structures of Uracil, 5-Fluorouracil, and Thymine. Thymine is one of the four nucleobases of DNA. Uracil is the RNA analogue of Thymine. Unlike Fluorouracil, these bases are regularly used by a healthy cell to construct new nucleotides (for multiplication, repair, etc.) The dipole moment is considered to be an elementary physiochemical property of a molecule. Interpretation of dipole moments by electronic charge distribution contributes to the understanding the molecular electronic structure and helps us gain deeper insight. The numerical values of the dipole moments also help us in evaluating the quantum mechanical calculations of electronic charge distribution, particularly in a series of homologous compounds, as in our experiment. Our experiment helps us understand the effects of substituents at C5 dipole moment of uracil. The dipole moment is a of these three molecules is an interesting study because in each case, the dipole moment is primarily influenced by the presence of electronegative atoms. The dipole moment of a molecule influences many of its properties and features (such as its colligtaive properties, how it interacts with other molecules, its behavior in compounds, etc.) In the molecules under consideration, the dipole moment(s) work as in the following figure (the dipole moment of uracil directed inbetween N3 and C4, with the substituent ‘X’ either strengthening, or weakening the dipole in the illustrated vectors)6: Fig 3: Vector scheme of dipole moments in uracil and in its derivatives6 (reproduced using ChemBioDraw) Experimental: For this Lab, the Gaussian software was used in calculating the dipole moment. At first, the molecule of concern was drawn using the software. Then ‘Edit’ option is selected to ‘Symmetrize’ our subject molecule. After that is done, we perform Gaussian Calculation Setup, by selecting Job Type as ‘Energy’, and under Methods changing the Basis set. The numerical value of the dipole moment is obtained from the ‘Results’ of the .chk file. The Gaussian calculation is repeated by selecting other Basis sets. The whole process is repeated for the molecules Thymine and Uracil. The molecule is drawn using Gaussian, and the Gaussian calculations repeated by selecting different ‘job types’ and ‘basis sets’. Results: The results obtained are represented in tabular form. The screenshots of the molecules as drawn in the Gaussian software are also given. Tables: Table 1: The theoretical and Literature values of 5-Fluorouracil dipole moment Table 2: The theoretical and Literature values of Uracil dipole moment Table 3: The theoretical and Literature values of Thymine dipole moment. Images obtained from Gaussian: 5-Fluorouracil Fig 4: Image of 5-Fluorouracil molecule as drawn using Gaussian software Uracil: Fig 5: Image of uracil molecule as drawn using Gaussian software Thymine: Fig 6: Image of thymine molecule as drawn using Gaussian software Discussion: The purpose of this experiment was to calculate the numerical values of dipole moments of the anticancer drug, 5- fluorouracil, and two other pyrimidines, thymine and uracil, and compare the obtained values with that of literature values. The dipole moment of a bond is defined as the mathematical product of the magnitude of the charges and distance between atoms under consideration11. The numerical value of the dipole moment can be calculated for each bond, as well as for the entire molecule. In this experiment, we use the Gaussian software for the calculation of dipole moments. The calculation of dipole moment is based on the allocation of atomic charges to the atoms in the molecule in a reasonable way.4 In the hands on experiment, this consists of assigning electronegativity values to the atoms and experimental structural information of the bonds. Topological methods, however, do not take in information about the molecular geometry or the conformational status of the molecule. The topological method currently in use is the Gasteiger-Hà ¼ckelmethod, which has the disadvantage of omitting the validation procedure. This renders the study impractical.11 The method of computation of partial charges employed in this experiment is based on the quantum mechanical calculation of wavefunction.11 For this report, wavefunctions were obtained using the ab initio method. Ab initio means based on first principles, these methods are based on quantum mechanics and attempt to solve the Schrà ¶dinger equation. â€Å"Ab initio methods use no experimental parameters in their calculations, although they use some mathematical approximations. The major disadvantage of Ab Initio quantum chemistry is the heavy demands on computer power.†12 The choice of basis set is one of the most important aspects of this computation, as our results depend vastly on the basis set employed. Basis sets are quantum chemical units of energy; basis set contains mathematical functions that can be used to determine the dipole moment, energy, and other quantum mechanical properties of an atom/molecule of study. Basis sets are considered to represent the wavefunctions of the electrons in the species.12 On the basis of atomic point charges, a molecular dipole moment can be calculated in a quite simple and fast way, and compared with literature values. To get reliable results using this method, one must select small and rigid structures.11 As the dipole moment is a property defined by quantum mechanics, wavefunctions can be used to directly calculate its values. Results derived with large basis sets (such as those reported in this paper) are in good agreement with experimental values. As we can see, our calculated values of the dipole moment align quite closely with the experimental values. One fact, however, stands out: the values of dipole moment get closer to the ‘literature values’ as the basis set is increased. However, quantum mechanical methods are not very useful when obtaining information about larger molecules.11 The dipole moments of uracil, as well as of its respective derivatives are listed in Table 1, Table 2 and Table 3. First of all, it can be noticed that all these molecules have pretty high values for dipole moments, compared to other aromatic molecules.4 This increase seems to be mainly due to the large electronegativity of the O atoms (resulting in large numerical values of the dipole moments of carbonyl groups) which amount to 4 Debye units in thiouracils, according to Schneider and Halverstadt 13 This value can be contributed to the relatively high polarity of the secondary amide carbonyl group in these compounds, as compared with the generally observed value of 2.23 Debye units.4 A pronounced change in the dipole moment is observed only upon the introduction of a substituent of a different polarity, such as Fluorine and Methyl group. In order to examine the effects of substituent on C5 on the electronic charge distribution in greater detail, many factors have to be taken into consideration. The first is that of electronegativity. Halogens are famously electronegative, with F atom being the most. The electronegativity of Fluorine atom pulls away electrons towards itself (and away from the ring) (Refer to Fig 3). As the dipole moment direction of –F atom is directed towards itself, it somewhat cancels the dipole moment of N3. This explains why 5-Fluorouracil has a lower overall dipole moment compared to uracil. Thymine differs from uracil in having a methyl group (-CH3) on C5. The main chemistry to understand here is that of the inductive and mesomeric effect. â€Å"Methylation at C5 and C6 mainly causes changes in the polarity of the C5C6 bond by way of increasing the ~-electronic charge on the atom at which substitution takes place.†6 Due to the positive inductive effect of the –CH3 group, electrons are pushed towards the aromatic ring. This adds to the ‘electron pull’ of N3 and contributes to the overall polarity of the molecule. It can be noted that substitution at C5 does not alter the dipole moment of uracil as much as a substituent on C6 would. (Since the substituents at C5 and C6 are differently oriented). For uracil, the dipole moment is directed in the N atom inbetween the carbonyl groups (as shown in Fig 3). However, the dipole moment is a more complicated calculation than can be inferred from a diagram as simple, lots of other data (such as bond angles) also have to be taken into account. Conclusion: The purpose of this experiment is to calculate the dipole moment of the anticancer drug, 5- fluorouracil, and compare its value with that of literature, and two other pyrimidines, thymine and uracil. Based on the data obtained with 5 FU, the experiment can be deemed to be successful, as it contains about 1-2 % error with respect to literature. In summary, we have demonstrated that these Gaussian calculations is an easy and convenient way to determine many physical and spectroscopic properties of these molecules in solution and can give an additional insight into their in vivo properties.1 Citations: Theoretical DFT and experimental NMR studies on uracil and 5- fluorouracil , B. Blicharska, T. Kupka / Journal of Molecular Structure 613 (2002) 153–166 Frisch, M. J.et al. Gaussian Development Version, Revision D.02. In Gaussian Development Version, Revision D.02; Gaussian, Inc.: Wallingford CT, 2005 5-Fluorouracil and thymine form a crystalline solid solution, Sarah A. Barnett, Ashley T. Hulme* and Derek A. Tocher, Acta Crystallographica Section CVolume 62, Issue 7, Article first published online: 10 JUL 2006 L.A. Curtiss, M.S. Gordon Computational Material Chemistry: Methods and Applications, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2004 Structures of the Molecular Components in DNA and RNA with Bond Lengths Interpreted as Sums of Atomic Covalent Radii Institute of Biophysics of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Krà ¡lovopolskà ¡ 135, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic. Dipole moments of 2,4-diketopyrimidines: Part II: Uracil, thymine and their derivatives I. Kulakowskaa, M. Gellerb, B. Lesyngb, K.L. Wierzchowskia, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis Volume 361, Issue 2, 29 August 1974, Pages 119–130 Chapter chemotherapy cancer http://www.oncoprof.net/Generale2000/g09_Chimiotherapie/Complements/g09_comp11.php (accessed Nov 19, 2014) Cole Parmer http://www.coleparmer.com/Product/5_Fluorouracil_99_5g/EW-88244-97 (accessed Nov 19, 2014) 5-Fluorouracil: mechanisms of action and clinical strategies, Daniel B. Longley1, D. Paul Harkin1 Patrick G. Johnston, Nature Reviews Cancer 3, 330-338 (May 2003) Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluorouracil (accessed 3rd December 2014) Hans-Dieter Hà ¶ltje, Gerd Folker, Molecular Modeling: Basic Principles and Applications, VCH Publishers, 1997 Vol. 5 Samakhvalov A, Lab Manual for Physical Chemistry I, Rutgers University Camden 2014 Schneider, W.C. and Halverstadt, I.F. (1948) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 70, 262626 1

Napster :: essays research papers

Napster Napster is a music-sharing service that serves people with downloadable software for their computer and allows the download of almost any music from around the world. The Webster’s Universal and Thesaurus, says that the definition of music is: Music: harmony, melody, symphony. The basic idea of Napster is for anyone who wants to listen to music. However, the argument about Napster is that it is a directory service that allows users to transfer music files from music labels that have not signed a deal with Napster. The music industry feels they are losing money because there are devices known as CD-RW and this allows for the burning of homemade compact discs with songs that Napster provides. Besides the music industry, there are bands that feel that due to Napster's popularity; they are losing money that they work for. The music industry feels that if people are burning there own compact discs at a cheap rate then the music company are going to lose money. In the following paper I will discuss why people use Napster, why there is a problem with the use of Napster, and how the service can be used legally. The idea of Napster was started by a freshman at Northeastern University in January 1999. In May 1999 Napster took shape as one of the most used computer software around. From the Napster web site you easily download the software. The software then connects you with millions of users who have the song you are searching for. After you find the song you can start the download process and download that song onto your computer. One negative aspect of Napster is that the songs you download mostly take a long time to download, depending on your connection speed, and take up a lot of space in your memory. After you download the song you can then make your own compact disc if you have the right equipment that is. The equipment needed is a compact disc burner and the recordable compact discs. You then are able to distribute the songs and only have paid a fourth of the price that you would have paid if you had bought the compact disc from a music store (Napster). Many bands and music labels have sued the people behind Napster. The music industry is saying that Napster breaks copyright laws by allowing people to spread music without the proper authorization for usage.

Motorcycle Safety Essay

Motorcycles don’t posses many safety features that protect their rider. A car contains seat belts, airbags, four wheels for stability, and more; these are important features that help reduce accident and fatality rates. These issues only add to the main problem which is the drivers themselves, I am talking about both motorcycle rider and automobile driver. These two figures represent the majority of those on the streets, they are either inexperienced drivers or to comfortable with their driving habits and lack the attention needed to avoid situations that can arise quickly. Motorcycle safety is something not only riders need to be taught but other motorists as well; educating the population can not only reduce accidents but save lives. â€Å"Motorcycle rider deaths were nearly 30 times more than drivers of other vehicles† (D. O. T 7). Figures like this present an insight into the continuing problem represented by motorcycles. â€Å"Motorcycle accidents continue to be a growing problem as of 2008 5,290 were killed as a result of motorcycle accidents which is an increase of %2 over 2007† (Motorcycle Safety Foundation 4). Though the issue continues to grow, there is much to be done to put down the problem and save lives. The main issue is from the start, riders need much more rigorous training. Today you only take a computer or written test for a permit, which states you’re not allowed to ride at night or on the interstate but still allows you to ride during the day by yourself. You could get one of these permits with no riding experience what so ever, this is completely unacceptable for our society. Then to obtain your license you do a course test on your bike, where you weave through some cones and make a u turn and that’s it you can ride when ever where ever. â€Å"Adding injury to insult, helmet laws vary by state some don’t require one period some after 18 and so on† (Snyder 1). In Arizona after your 18th birthday coupled with the little safety experience the rider may have if any, one can ride around no helmet no experience. Three-fourths of motorcycle accidents involved collision with another vehicle. The majority of accidents involve both parties colliding in some fashion. In two-thirds of accidents the driver of the other vehicle violated the motorcycle right-of-way and caused the accident. This points out that in the 66% of accidents that occur it’s the automobiles fault for impeding the motorcycles path of travel. This only proves the motorists should be required to achieve the same level of knowledge on motorcycle safety as the riders themselves should be. These types of situations could have been avoided had there been mandated requirements for some type of instruction and coaching on the subject of safety when it comes to handling the presence of a motorcycle. I’m trying to show that the main cause of accidents are such minor mistakes that a simple class that addresses these issue might help prevent at least one accident from occurring. The issue is not a complicated one, people don’t pay attention and accidents happen. The worst of all the situations is when both parties are attempting to pass through an intersection. Intersections are the most likely place for the motorcycle accident, with the other vehicle violating the motorcycle right of way, and often violating traffic controls. It most often happens when the automobile is making a left turn at the intersection and as the motorcycle is coming through the auto fails yield to the oncoming rider forcing the motorcycle to T bone the car. This is the top reported design of most accident scenes nationwide, and this is something so simple to avoid for if these drivers had been involved actively in a motorcycle safety course they would know about this fact and how important it is to apply a little more attention when dealing with intersections. This is not only important to the driver of a car but the rider of the bike would also know this fact and adhere to it so when approaching every intersection the rider would exercise extreme caution to avoid injury. During these courses teachers can take the opportunity to stress the importance of safety equipment and clothing, this includes everything from head to toe. All safety equipment is important but it’s widely agreed the most important is the helmet. Unhelmeted motorists are 29 percent less likely to survive a crash and 40 percent more likely to die from a head. It’s suggested that a rider purchase a full-face helmet, one that completely covers the rider’s entire face and head There is activity among city officials to try and spread the word about safety; the city’s Transportation Department will work with the Governor’s Office of Highway Safety to blanket automobile and motorcycle drivers with safety pamphlets. It’s this kind of action that is needed to start a bigger campaign on the growing issue, though it is a start tougher legislation is needed to help mandate courses for all motorists in an effort to reduce the increase in accidents as well as fatality rates among riders. It is belief that through educating the driving population we can make serious cuts in the accident and fatality rates. The drivers of cars and trucks are the main target for they hold the majority share of causing accidents with motorcycles, the safety of both parties needs to addressed for they both need education on how to keep the road ways safe because if one life is saved it’s a victory. For my sources I used lot of research and data from the Motorcycle safety foundation and the D. O. T along with other various groups that are involved in motorcycle safety and I also got some of my material from 3 different Arizona Republic articles that addressed motorcycles and safety.

ACT Writing Prompts The Complete Guide

ACT Writing Prompts The Complete Guide SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips It's pretty scary to walk into a room on ACT test day and with no idea what the essay question you're about to answer is about. Luckily, you don't need to know- the ACT essay prompts only ask about a teensy, tiny category of ideas. And the best part is, you already know all about the topics! Keep reading to see sample ACT Writing prompts you can practice with. More importantly, we also teach you how to gather evidence before the test so you can walk in 100% prepared to answer any prompt they give you. 7 Sample ACT Essay Prompts The idea behind the ACT essay is that it's a fair test of everyone's writing ability because nobody knows the topic or question before the test. In order for this to be true, the ACT actually has to choose from a pretty small sliver of questions (since the topics must be broad enough that all test takers can write about them). See for yourself: here are the three free and publicly available official ACT Writing prompts. Do you notice any common threads? 1. Intelligent Machines (source: ACT.org ) Many of the goods and services we depend on daily are now supplied by intelligent, automated machines rather than human beings. Robots build cars and other goods on assembly lines, where once there were human workers. Many of our phone conversations are now conducted not with people but with sophisticated technologies. We can now buy goods at a variety of stores without the help of a human cashier. Automation is generally seen as a sign of progress, but what is lost when we replace humans with machines? Given the accelerating variety and prevalence of intelligent machines, it is worth examining the implications and meaning of their presence in our lives.Perspective One: What we lose with the replacement of people by machines is some part of our own humanity. Even our mundane daily encounters no longer require from us basic courtesy, respect, and tolerance for other people. Perspective Two: Machines are good at low-skill, repetitive jobs, and at high-speed, extremely precise jobs. In both cases they work better than humans. This efficiency leads to a more prosperous and progressive world for everyone. Perspective Three: Intelligent machines challenge our long-standing ideas about what humans are or can be. This is good because it pushes both humans and machines toward new, unimagined possibilities. Write a unified, coherent essay about the increasing presence of intelligent machines. 2. Public Health and Individual Freedom (source: ACT.org ) Most people want to be healthy, and most people want as much freedom as possible to do the things they want. Unfortunately, these two desires sometimes conflict. For example, smoking is prohibited from most public places, which restricts the freedom of some individuals for the sake of the health of others. Likewise, car emissions are regulated in many areas in order to reduce pollution and its health risks to others, which in turn restricts some people’s freedom to drive the vehicles they want. In a society that values both health and freedom, how do we best balance the two? How should we think about conflicts between public health and individual freedom?Perspective One: Our society should strive to achieve the greatest good for the greatest number of people. When the freedom of the individual interferes with that principle, freedom must be restricted.Perspective Two: Nothing in society is more valuable than freedom. Perhaps physical health is sometimes improved by restricting freedom, but the cost to the health of our free society is far too great to justify it.Perspective Three: The right to avoid health risks is a freedom, too. When we allow individual behavior to endanger others, we’ve damaged both freedom and health.Write a unified, coherent essay about the conflict between public health and individual freedom. 3. Kid Stuff (source: ACT.org ) Toys are for children, right? Not anymore. In recent years, things that used to be considered "kid stuff" have grown in popularity among grownups. Nowadays, adults regularly play video games, watch animated movies and television show, purchase dolls and other collectible figures, and read comic books for their own enjoyment. Is adult enjoyment of children's entertainment merely a sign of immaturity? In what ways can playing with kid stuff change the way adults understand today's youth? Given that toys, games, and publications that used to be exclusively for children are growing in popularity among adults, it is worth considering the effects and implications of this trend.Perspective One: It's good for adults to be familiar with kid stuff. They'll understand the lives of children better and be more responsive to their needs, interests, and problems.Perspective Two: Adults need to be models of maturity and responsibility. When they act and think like children, kids have no one to look to for guidance.Perspective Three: Children need their own cultural space- their own books, their own toys, their own movies- in which to explore their ideas. When adults start to take over the space, kids lose out.Write a unified, coherent essay about the trend of adults playing with kid stuff. Here are four other prompts that I have constructed, based on the core question and core perspectives I extracted from the official prompts (if you're curious about how I constructed these prompts, check out our article on how to attack ACT Writing prompts): 4. Globalization Many of the goods and services we depend on daily have global sources. Where once you might speak with a customer service representative from across the country about your computer problems, your call now would most likely be routed across the world. In one grocery store, it can be possible to find a mixture of foods from multiple continents. Various pieces of culture can be instantaneously broadcast around the world via the Internet, enabling shared experiences among people of disparate geographic origins. Globalization is generally seen as a sign of progress, but what happens when we replace local interactions with global ones? Given the accelerating rate of globalization, it is worth examining the implications and meaning of its presence in our lives.Perspective One: Globalization requires a shift in the way we think about other people, other societies, and the world. This is good, because it will push humanity towards previously unimaginable possibilities and achievements.Perspec tive Two: Removing geographic boundaries from commerce means that the right people can be chosen for the right jobs at the right price. This efficiency leads to a more prosperous and progressive world for everyone. Perspective Three: The flourishing of a new, global society comes at the cost of local cultures. Less diversity leads to deficits in empathy and creativity, two of the most defining characteristics of humanity.Write a unified, coherent essay about the increasing presence of globalization. 5. Information Accessibility At this moment in time, there is more information more readily available to more people than ever before. Smartphones can instantly provide directions to your destination, when even 10 years ago you had to look up directions before you left and/or bring along a map. Researchers from all over the world are able to pool their knowledge to advance their fields more quickly. Many libraries have broadened their collections to include subscriptions to online/electronic databases as well as printed works. Greater access to information is generally seen as a positive advance, but what are the consequences of making so much knowledge available to so many people? Based upon the ever-increasing amount of information in the world and the ever-broader access to it, it is worth examining the implications and meaning of easy access to information in our lives.Perspective One: With increased ease of access to information, we lose the incentive to gain knowledge ourselves. By outsourcing our memories of facts and other information, we are becoming less intelligent.Perspective Two: Greater access to information allows us to avoid memorizing facts and, instead, use our brains for higher-level thinking. This efficiency leads to a more prosperous and progressive world for everyone. Perspective Three: The more people who have access to more information, the greater the chances of collaboration and thus further advances in human knowledge. This is good because it pushes us toward new, unimagined possibilities.Write a unified, coherent essay about the increasing accessibility of information. 6. Novelty In the world today, newness is highly valued. Social media apps constantly update to make sure you’re shown the newest information or posts from those you follow. Many of the products we purchase today are purposefully created with short lifespans to encourage consumers to continue to get the newest, up-to-date versions. Subscription services for music and video make it possible to continuously listen to and watch new media. Novelty is generally seen as a positive characteristic, but what are we losing by constantly focusing on the new? Given its increasing prevalence, it is worth examining the implications and meaning of the growing emphasis on novelty in our lives.Perspective One: Change is the only constant in life, and to ignore this is to grow rigid and stagnate. More exposure to new ideas and ways of thinking can only lead to progress for society and for humanity as a whole.Perspective Two: By exclusively focusing on the new, we lose sight of what we already know. Instea d of ignoring the old, we should be focusing more past accomplishments and errors. The only way to move forward is to heed the lessons of the past.Perspective Three: Information, products, and ways of thinking should only be valued if they are useful and reliable, not just because they are new and exciting. New does not automatically equal improved.Write a unified, coherent essay about the increasing value assigned to novelty. 7. Job Changes Fewer and fewer people are staying with the same job their entire lives. In the United States, the average person will switch jobs more than 10 times in over the course of his/her life. Some workers will make lateral, or even downward, moves in order to increase personal fulfillment. Others switch jobs in an effort to obtain the highest possible salary. Increasing personal autonomy is generally seen as a sign of progress, but what happens when length of experience is replaced with variety of experience? As the number of jobs people will hold over the course of their lives continues to climb, it is important to examine the implications and meaning of this trend for our lives.Perspective One: Because jobs are no longer a lifetime commitment, people will feel freer to accept a greater variety of positions. This increase in breadth of experience will in turn make job applicants more attractive to future employers. Perspective Two: As the frequency with which people change jobs increases, the loyalty of people to their employers will decrease. This in turn will lead to more fractured company cultures, as employees will only care about what’s best for them.Perspective Three: The disappearance of the stigma associated with frequent job switching will allow employees more leeway with employment decisions. Increased autonomy will lead to increased happiness and job satisfaction.Write a unified, coherent essay about the increasing frequency with which people switch jobs. For additional Writing Prompts to practice with, you also might want to consider purchasing the most recent Official ACT Prep Guide, which includes five additional official essay prompts. While you'll see many different topics asked about on the ACT essay section, there is in fact only one ACT Writing Prompt (and three types of perspectives) you have to know. We call these the Core Question and Core Perspectives. This question (and these perspectives) will run through each and every ACT Essay prompt you'll get. The Reasoning Behind The Core Question As you can see, all the ACT writing prompts are about how the world (and the people in it) is (are) changing. All of them boil down to the following question: "What are your views on how humans are changing the world?" or, even more broadly, "What do you think about the way the world is changing?" The ACT frames its prompts this way because ACT, Inc. wants to choose essay topics that all students can have an opinion on, rather than asking about something extremely specific for which some students are more prepared than others. First Global Image from VIIRS by NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, used under CC BY 2.0/Resized from original. Read through the two official prompts again (above). Rather than asking about high school life (as the old ACT Writing prompts did), the current ACT essay prompts ask students to consider how changes in the world today affect all humanity, forcing the students to place the issue in a broader context. While the topics may appear to be highly specific at first glance (e.g. "intelligent machines"), the explanatory paragraphs for each prompt make it clear that the topics can be parlayed in a number of different directions (and be accessible to most people). There won't be prompts about issues that mainly affect urban dwellers (e.g. subways), or only affect certain geographic areas (e.g. snow preparedness). Similarly, something like "smartphones," for instance, would never be a topic on its own; rather, it would be an example that could be used for the topic (as with the "intelligent machines" prompt). When writing the ACT essay, it really helps to have strong opinions about the core question ("What do you think about the way humans are changing the world?"), but if you don't, no problem: it's easy to develop opinions! And we're here to give you a head start. In the next section, we're going to give you three basic opinions related to the core ACT essay question. We'll show you how to apply these perspectives to specific prompts and tell you where you can find examples to support them. The Reasoning Behind The Core Perspectives The new ACT prompt has three different perspectives that you need to discuss during the course of your essay. To figure out the three core perspectives, I read and re-read the perspectives for all three of the official prompts, considering them in light of the informational paragraphs that preceded them. I ended up with these three basic opinions: Core Perspective A: The changes caused by [Prompt topic] are not good and have negative results. This perspective maps onto Perspective 1 of the first official ACT sample prompt above, Perspective 2 of the second official sample prompt, and Perspective 3 of the third official sample prompt. My nickname for this position is "conservatism," since this perspective wishes to be conservative and not change things. Core Perspective B: The changes caused by [Prompt topic] will lead to greater (in)efficiency. This perspective maps onto Perspective 2of the first official ACT sample prompt above, Perspective 1 of the second official sample prompt, and Perspective 2 of the third official sample prompt. My nickname for this position is "utilitarianism," since this perspective is all about what will be more practical and lead to the greatest good for the greatest number of people (this is even explicitly spelled out in Perspective 1 of the second official sample prompt). Core Perspective C: The changes caused by [Prompt topic] will yield positive future results because it will lead to improvements for all humanity. This perspective maps onto Perspective 3 of the first official ACT sample prompt above, Perspective 3 of the second official sample prompt, and Perspective 1 of the third official sample prompt. My nickname for this position is "progressivism," since this perspective argues that change = progress = good. Building a Support Bank Now you know that the ACT essay will only ever ask you to discuss one question: "How is the world changing?" If you prepare for this question with diverse evidence before the test, you'll be ready to answer the prompt no matter what it is. To give yourself the most time to write and organize your argument, your thesis should match up with one of the three perspectives given- that way, you won't have to take the time come up with a fourth, completely new perspective and compare it to at least one the three perspectives the ACT provides. But it gets better! The internet (and society in general) is chock-full of theories and arguments about how the world is changing, and whether or not that's a good thing. All you have to do is read up on some of them and develop your own opinions. Opinions on the World Your ACT essay thesis should basically be one of the three perspectives, but you have to support that opinion with evidence- the answer to the question "why?" (or "why not"?). Look over these sets of three opinions and try to think of reasons or examples to support each. The world is changing to be worse than it was before. (because...) The world is changing to be better than it was before. (because...) The world is changing to be more (in)efficient than ever before. (because...) Research and Brainstorming Ideas Unlike with the SAT essay, you can use abstract reasoning to develop your point on the ACT. This means that you don't necessarily have to come to the test pre-loaded with specific examples: if you can't think of a concrete example that will support your point, you can make one up as you go along while constructing your argument. Now we'll look over a few sample internet resources that could serve as support (or brainstorming assistance) for the opinions above. You can use the general ideas from these resources, but you may also find some useful specific examples for when you face your real ACT Writing prompt. News sources such as the New York Times, Washington Post, LA Times, Al Jazeera, Time, The Atlantic, Slate, The Economist, Wired, New York Magazine, Popular Science, Psychology Today, Vox, Mic, and even Buzzfeed News will have information about current events that you can use. If you prefer listening/watching the news, you can always try that as a source of current events information as well watching or listening to television, radio, or podcasts. How Do I Use This Article? Just knowing what the ACT Writing prompts are likely to be about may lead you to think about the way you interact with the world somewhat differently. Keep your eyes peeled and your ears open for anything that could be fodder to answer a question about the way the world is changing- anything you learn about in history/social studies, read/hear about in the news, or even encounter in a futuristic novel can be added to your support bank. But, of course, the more effective way to use the information in this article is to practice both planning and writing ACT essays. We have another article with ACT essay tips, which can give you more information on how to practice the actual writing process, but knowing about the prompt types can get you thinking about your own opinions on how the world is changing. After all, you're being asked about this because you have a lot of experience with it, living in the world as you do (unless you are a ghost and don't live in this world, in which case, why are you taking the ACT?). So, using the prompts at the beginning of this article, or another group of questions about issues having to do with change (some items on this list of debate topics, for example), start planning hypothetical writing ACT essay responses. Try reading our step-by-step ACT essay example if you're stumped about where to begin. For each issue, planning involves picking a side, supporting it with one to two reasons or examples, and deciding how to discuss at least one of the other given perspectives in relation to the one you've picked (including arguments both for and against the other perspectives). If you really want to max out your ACT essay score, you should practice planning essays about how the world is changing until you can do it in 8-10 minutes reliably. If you're curious about where that 8-10 minute estimate comes from, check out our ACT essay tips article. What's Next? Check out our comprehensive collection of ACT Writing guides, including a detailed analysis ofthe ACT Writing Rubric that includes explanations and strategies and our explanation of the differences between the old and new ACT Writing Test. Find out how to get a perfect score on ACT Writing. Follow along as I construct a top-scoring essay step-by-step, or check out our list of tips to raise your ACT Writing score. Want to improve your ACT score by 4 points? Check out our best-in-class online ACT prep classes. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your ACT score by 4 points or more. Our classes are entirely online, and they're taught by ACT experts. If you liked this article, you'll love our classes. Along with expert-led classes, you'll get personalized homework with thousands of practice problems organized by individual skills so you learn most effectively. We'll also give you a step-by-step, custom program to follow so you'll never be confused about what to study next. 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Free Essays on Wind Energy

There are several different sources of power that people use. The most common source of energy used is fossil fuels. Fossil fuels are coal, oil, and gas. Other types of energy are solar, wind, and hydroelectric. These sources of energy are much more efficient. Along with this, they are much cleaner than fossil fuels. Lastly, wind power, along with solar and hydroelectric will never run dry. Wind Power is a great source of energy. The terms "wind energy" or "wind power" describe the process by which the wind is used to generate mechanical power or electricity. Wind turbines convert the kinetic energy in the wind into mechanical power. The best way to collect wind power would be threw the use of windmills or wind Turbines. Modern wind turbines fall into two basic groups; the horizontal-axis variety, like the traditional farm windmills used for pumping water; and the vertical-axis design. Modern wind technology takes advantage of advances in materials, engineering, electronics, and aerodynamics. All electric-generating wind turbines, no matter what size, are comprised of a few basic components: the rotor (the part that actually rotates in the wind), the electrical generator, a speed control system, and a tower. Some wind machines have fail-safe shutdown systems so that if part of the machine fails, the shutdown systems turn the blades out of the wind or puts on brakes. Wind turbines are often grouped together into a single wind power plant, also known as a wind farm, and generate bulk electrical power. Electricity from these turbines is fed into the local utility grid and distribute to customers just as it is with conventional power plants. Unlike many other power plants, wind farms are very quite. Many people experimented with wind Power, but Charles F. Brush was a great wind power pioneer. During the winter of 1887-88 Brush built what is today believed to be the first automatically operating wind turbine for elec... Free Essays on Wind Energy Free Essays on Wind Energy There are several different sources of power that people use. The most common source of energy used is fossil fuels. Fossil fuels are coal, oil, and gas. Other types of energy are solar, wind, and hydroelectric. These sources of energy are much more efficient. Along with this, they are much cleaner than fossil fuels. Lastly, wind power, along with solar and hydroelectric will never run dry. Wind Power is a great source of energy. The terms "wind energy" or "wind power" describe the process by which the wind is used to generate mechanical power or electricity. Wind turbines convert the kinetic energy in the wind into mechanical power. The best way to collect wind power would be threw the use of windmills or wind Turbines. Modern wind turbines fall into two basic groups; the horizontal-axis variety, like the traditional farm windmills used for pumping water; and the vertical-axis design. Modern wind technology takes advantage of advances in materials, engineering, electronics, and aerodynamics. All electric-generating wind turbines, no matter what size, are comprised of a few basic components: the rotor (the part that actually rotates in the wind), the electrical generator, a speed control system, and a tower. Some wind machines have fail-safe shutdown systems so that if part of the machine fails, the shutdown systems turn the blades out of the wind or puts on brakes. Wind turbines are often grouped together into a single wind power plant, also known as a wind farm, and generate bulk electrical power. Electricity from these turbines is fed into the local utility grid and distribute to customers just as it is with conventional power plants. Unlike many other power plants, wind farms are very quite. Many people experimented with wind Power, but Charles F. Brush was a great wind power pioneer. During the winter of 1887-88 Brush built what is today believed to be the first automatically operating wind turbine for elec...

Information management Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 2

Information management - Coursework Example obile users (Goswami, 2013).The purpose of the report is to evaluate the impact of mobile computing in information management and also the importance of information management in the modern world. Global access and management of information has been one of the influential forces in the evolution of information technology. The development of central computing facilitated the computation of complex calculations and in the manipulation of advanced information. Further, the discovery of the web technology helped in providing hyper-linked information and global technology. However, the access to the information was restricted to the physical location of the individuals. The achievement of the real global network by accessing information anywhere and at anytime in the world is the fundamental motivation behind the development of mobile computing. This advancement in technology is the result of the development in the both the hardware and software parts at various stages motivated by tangible application needs (Cox, 2014). The design and implementation of data management applications for the wireless mediums which facilitates the mobility of data resources and computation is equally important. Wireless communications allow users carrying portable devices to retain their network connection even when they are moving. This type of communication is called mobile and nomadic computing. Mobile computing adds a new dimension to distributed computation with universal access to the required information anywhere and anytime (Pitoura and Samaras, 2012). The importance of mobile computing is increasing continuously due to the rise in the variety of available portable devices and the desire to have a constant connectivity to the network irrespective of the physical location of the individual. Mobile computing is a resourceful and possibly strategic device that improves information accessibility, band quality, increases management effectiveness and enhances operational efficiency.

America's intervention in Syria Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

America's intervention in Syria - Essay Example America has previously intervened in other crisis like this such as in Egypt and Iraq though Syria’s case has been complicated by failure of China and Russia to adopt a resolution by the United Nation’s Security Council. This paper therefore recommends against military intervention but a diplomatic and politically negotiated solution for the benefit of both Syrians and America. Introduction The uprising in Tunisia ignited the turning point in the leadership of many Arab countries. In what begun within the social media, it is now clear that the uprising in Tunisia was a significant event in the Arab spring. It took only one year since this uprising begun in Tunisia and now Syrians are fighting to overthrow the Damascus regime led by their authoritarian leader Bashar al-Assad. Despite the many deaths that have occurred in other countries such as Tunisia, Libya, and Egypt due to the same fight against dictatorship, innocent Syrians continue to die. It is also important to note that Syrians who are persistently seeking to overthrow the government and Bashar regime has constantly faced severely and violent crackdown from him. The increasing violent attack on Syrians by Bashar regime has not only led to the death of many Syrians, but has presented a serious humanitarian crisis in the nation. . As stated by (), the number of Syrians who have died in the violence stand at seven thousand since the beginning of the violence in March this year. Moreover, the matter has been complicated further by the rejection by China and Russia to adopt a resolution on the matter by the United Nation’s Security Council. Although the certain interventions have been successful in the past like in Libya where dictator Gadhafi was brought down, intervention in Syria is tricky and the feasibility of United States intervention is in question. Background of the Study and History Syria is an Arab nation found along the Eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea within the Middl e East. This nation is very diverse in terms of both ethnicity and religious even though many citizens of the nation are Sunni Arab Muslims. Civilization has taken place in different nations since many years and centuries, however, Syria can be rated as very young in terms of civilization. Although its boarders were drawn over a hundred years ago by the European colony, it has not adopted the modern democracy with regards to national governance. Currently, the nation is in the center of a serious humanitarian crisis resulting from violence between government forces and National Coalition of Revolution and other militia groups (Hasan, 2012). The conflict in Syria begun when the peaceful protesters mainly inspired by revolution in both Tunisia and Egypt begun challenging the dictatorial regime led by Assad in late March 2011 (Unham, 2013). The response from the government was not only severe, but exhibited the highest level of atrocity never witnesses in the country. The government be gun raping, kidnapping, killing and torturing activists as well as their family members. This never deterred many protesters but only served to energize their operations. The government then directed and increased atrocities to small children and women mutilating their bodies and dumping by the roadsides (Unham, 2013). When military begun shooting direct on the protesters, the civilian responded by shooting back thus the fighting escalated from a mere protest into civil war. The year 2012 marked the midst of highest atrocities ever